The Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald - 1360 Words

Throughout the course of recorded history, humans have nearly always had a heroic story to tell. For the most part these myths were meant to entertain with amazing feats, but there is an underlying common human theme no matter the hero; with the advent of interpreting myth, many have tried to dissect these stories to find the common themes in many culture’s myths using many different methods. One of these methods of analyzing the commonalities of hero myths, is with the 12 steps of The Hero’s Journey by Christopher Vogler (an adaptation of The Hero with a Thousand Faces by Joseph Campbell). Through the course of this essay we will discover how the 12 stages within The Hero’s Journey outline the story of the main character, J. Gatsby, from the 2013 film adaptation of the classic 1925 novel The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald, directed by Baz Luhrmann. The first stage in The Hero’s Journey is The Ordinary World, where the hero does not seem to belong, invoking sympathy for the hero on the part of the audience. This step fits the back-story of J. Gatsby in the form of his childhood, growing up as the son of a poor farmer in North Dakota (Luhrmann); it is this discomfort with his surroundings leads us onto the second stage, The Call to Adventure. The Call to Adventure is when either the surroundings or the desires of the hero mark the beginning of change which the hero must deal with. This second step also fits the back-story of J. Gatsby in the form of his refusal of hisShow MoreRelatedThe Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald1393 Words   |  6 PagesF. Scott Fitzgerald was the model of the American image in the nineteen twenties. He had wealth, fame, a beautiful wife, and an adorable daughter; all seemed perfect. Beneath the gilded faà §ade, however, was an author who struggled with domestic and physical difficulties that p lagued his personal life and career throughout its short span. This author helped to launch the theme that is so prevalent in his work; the human instinct to yearn for more, into the forefront of American literature, where itRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1343 Words   |  6 PagesHonors English 10 Shugart 18 Decemeber 2014 The Great Gatsby F. Scott Fitzgerald s 1925 novel The Great Gatsby is a tragic love story, a mystery, and a social commentary on American life. The Great Gatsby is about the lives of four wealthy characters observed by the narrator, Nick Carroway. Throughout the novel a mysterious man named Jay Gatsby throws immaculate parties every Saturday night in hope to impress his lost lover, Daisy Buchanan. Gatsby lives in a mansion on West Egg across from DaisyRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1155 Words   |  5 PagesThe Great Gatsby The Jazz Age was an era where everything and anything seemed possible. It started with the beginning of a new age with America coming out of World War I as the most powerful nation in the world (Novel reflections on, 2007). As a result, the nation soon faced a culture-shock of material prosperity during the 1920’s. Also known as the â€Å"roaring twenties†, it was a time where life consisted of prodigality and extravagant parties. Writing based on his personal experiences, author F. ScottRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1166 Words   |  5 Pagesin the Haze F. Scott Fitzgerald lived in a time that was characterized by an unbelievable lack of substance. After the tragedy and horrors of WWI, people were focused on anything that they could that would distract from the emptiness that had swallowed them. Tangible greed tied with extreme materialism left many, by the end of this time period, disenchanted. The usage of the literary theories of both Biographical and Historical lenses provide a unique interpretation of the Great Gatsby centered aroundRead MoreThe Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald845 Words   |  3 PagesIn F. Scott Fitzgerald’s novel, The Great Gatsby, colors represent a variety of symbols that relate back to the American Dream. The dream of being pure, innocent and perfect is frequently associated with the reality of corruption, violence, and affairs. Gatsby’s desire for achieving the American Dream is sought for through corruption (Schneider). The American Dream in the 1920s was perceived as a desire of w ealth and social standings. Social class is represented through the East Egg, the WestRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald Essay970 Words   |  4 Pagesrespecting and valuing Fitzgerald work in the twenty-first century? Fitzgerald had a hard time to profiting from his writing, but he was not successful after his first novel. There are three major point of this essay are: the background history of Fitzgerald life, the comparisons between Fitzgerald and the Gatsby from his number one book in America The Great Gatsby, and the Fitzgerald got influences of behind the writing and being a writer. From childhood to adulthood, Fitzgerald faced many good andRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald2099 Words   |  9 Pagesauthor to mirror his life in his book. In his previous novels F. Scott Fitzgerald drew from his life experiences. He said that his next novel, The Great Gatsby, would be different. He said, â€Å"In my new novel I’m thrown directly on purely creative work† (F. Scott Fitzgerald). He did not realize or did not want it to appear that he was taking his own story and intertwining it within his new novel. In The Great Gatsby, by F. Scott Fitzgerald, he imitates his lifestyle through the Buchanan family to demonstrateRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1607 Words   |  7 Pages The Great Gatsby is an American novel written in 1925 by F. Scott Fitzgerald. One of the themes of the book is the American Dream. The American Dream is an idea in which Americans believe through hard work they can achieve success and prosperity in the free world. In F. Scott Fitzgerald s novel, The Great Gatsby, the American Dream leads to popularity, extreme jealousy and false happiness. Jay Gatsby’s recent fortune and wealthiness helped him earn a high social position and become one of the mostRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1592 Words   |  7 PagesMcGowan English 11A, Period 4 9 January 2014 The Great Gatsby Individuals who approach life with an optimistic mindset generally have their goals established as their main priority. Driven by ambition, they are determined to fulfill their desires; without reluctance. These strong-minded individuals refuse to be influenced by negative reinforcements, and rely on hope in order to achieve their dreams. As a man of persistence, the wealthy Jay Gatsby continuously strives to reclaim the love of hisRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1646 Words   |  7 PagesThe 1920s witnessed the death of the American Dream, a message immortalized in F. Scott Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby. Initially, the American Dream represented the outcome of American ideals, that everyone has the freedom and opportunity to achieve their dreams provided they perform honest hard work. During the 1920s, the United States experienced massive economic prosperity making the American Dream seem alive and strong. However, in Fitzgerald’s eyes, the new Am erican culture build around that

Microsoft Office †Its uses and the tools I like Free Essays

Microsoft office includes many tools but the ones I will focus today are parts of Microsoft Excel and Microsoft PowerPoint. Excel is a database application that helps crunch numbers and this is an application that will help me immensely in my career. The tool in this application I want to use in my professional life is VLOOKUP. We will write a custom essay sample on Microsoft Office – Its uses and the tools I like or any similar topic only for you Order Now Most organizations have lots of information, but finding that information is always a challenge, an even greater challenge is to compile this information into one single database. This is where VLOOKUP comes in. An example would be to assess the attendance of the whole organization. The sales team will have the employees filed by employee codes while the operations team might have the employees filed by attendance codes. If one has to find the leaves for employees from both these departments, we need to ask that information from the Human Resources department. They usually have all the codes for the employees and we can then use VLOOKUP to find out the employee code and the attendance code for each employee in the company. VLOOKUP matches a value in sheet 1 to that value in sheet 2 and gives a corresponding value in that row – all this can be set up. This function is especially useful to compile data – remember you always need to compile data before you analyze it and reach conclusions. The next tool I would like to use it transitions in PowerPoint, this is mainly for presentation purposes and I will use this tool to make cards, share pictures, movies etc of different events in my life. These could be the birthdays of children, vacations and other things, I have a couple of close friends and our family is close to one another, tools like transitions etc help make the experience of sharing pictures and movies fun and interesting. I know there are a lot of other tools in Microsoft Office that can be used in our professional and personal life, but the ones I mentioned above are the ones that I feel are the most practical, easy to use and useful features. How to cite Microsoft Office – Its uses and the tools I like, Essay examples

Hiv therepy Essay Example For Students

Hiv therepy Essay When the FDA approved the Pill for marketing in 1960, it changed America forever. The pill was released without adequate testing. Within two years, 1.2 Americans were using it and by 1973 that number had risen to 10 million. In 1969 the book The Doctors Case against the Pill by Barbara Seaman showed people the dangers. By the end of the 70s, the FDA required physicians and pharmacists to hand out sheets on possible negative effect and complications (Kalb 20-36). The pills contain two hormones, estrogen and progestin. They prevent pregnancy by stopping ovulation and by making the lining of the uterus thinner. During your period, the low estrogen level normally indirectly triggers your pituitary gland to send out follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) a hormone that starts egg development. Among typical couples who initiate use of combined pills about 5% will experience an accidental pregnancy in the first year (Leone 24-27). This is because sometimes pills are not used correctly. If pills are used consistently and correctly, just one in 1,000 women will become pregnant (Oral Contraceptives). A second form of contraception should be used for the first seven days of your first pack of pills. Some of the advantages of the pill are that they decrease a womans risk for cancer of the ovaries and cancer of the lining of the uterus. The pills also lower the risk of developing benign breast masses and ovarian cysts. They decrease menstrual cramping and pain. The combined pills reduce menstrual blood loss and the risk for anemia. Monthly periods are also more regular when on the pill. Acne often improves in women taking combined birth control pills. One pill, Tricyclen, is formally approved for the treatment of acne (Oral Contraceptives). Many women enjoy sex more when taking birth control pills because they know they are less likely to get pregnant. Some clinicians will even provide 3 to 6 months of pills without a pelvic exam. There are also many disadvantages to taking these monthly pills. They do not protect you from HIV or other infections. You have to remember to take one pill every day, which can be hard for some women to do. Nausea and/or spotting are two problems women may have the first month on pills. Some women may experience short and scanty periods. Women taking combined pills may experience side effects such as headaches, breast tenderness, mood changes, weight gain and depression. Serious complications such as blood clots may occur but are very rare. The pills require a prescription and can be expensive. Pills may promote growth of breast cancer but probably do not cause breast cancer. They may lead to higher rates of one type of cervical cancer, adenocarcinoma of the cervix. The pill has one severe side affect. Some women, while on the pill, continue to get pregnant and never know it. The eggs are still being released and fertilized through the process of breakthrough ovulation. Women never know they are pregnant and dont stop using the pills that eventually kill the baby before it was ever acknowledged. The pill has three mechanisms of action. Sometimes, the pill suppresses ovulation. When this happens, an egg is not released and conception cannot occur. The Pill also works to thicken the womans cervical mucus, which can restrict sperm from moving up the reproductive tract toward the egg. One way the pill causes early abortions is that it interferes with the flexing motions and the cilia movement of the fallopian tubes. These changes slow the transportation of the newly conceived child from the fallopian tubes from the womb (Lerman 88-93). Unfortunately, many small babies starve to death in the fallopian tubes because the chemicals caused changes that prevented them from reaching the womb in time to be nourished. Another way the pill can cause an early abortion is if your baby survives the ride down the fallopian tube to your womb, the pill almost always causes the endometrium, the lining of your uterus, to reject the child. Chemical reactions often cause the lining of your womb to become thin, shriveled, and unable to support implantation of your newly conceived child (Boston Womens Health Book Collective). This type of early abortion is something a lot .

Insurance Industry Indian free essay sample

In the year 1993, Malhotra Committee was formed which initiated reforms in the Indian Insurance Industry. The aim of which was to assess the functionality of the industry. It was incharge of recommending the future path of insurance in India. It even attempted to improve various aspects, making them more appropriate and effective for the Indian market. In the year 1999 The Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority Act was formulated which brought about several crucial policy changes in the India. In 2000 it led to the formation of the Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority. The goals of IRDA are to safeguard the interests of insurance policyholders, as well as to initiate different policy measures to help sustain growth in the industry. This Authority has notified 27 Regulations on various issues like Registration of Insurers, Regulation on insurance agents, Re-insurance, Solvency Margin, Obligation of Insurers to Rural and Social sector, Investment and Accounting Procedure, Protection of policy holders interest, etc. We will write a custom essay sample on Insurance Industry Indian or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Brief introduction Indian Insurance Industry is flourishing with several national and international players competing and growing at rapid rates. The success comes usually from the easing of policy regulations, and India has become more familiar with different insurance products and the period from 2010 2015 is projected to be the Golden Age for the Indian insurance industry. | Indian Insurance companies today offer a comprehensive range of insurance plans, a range which is growing as the economy matures and the wealth of the middle classes increases. The most common types of insurance includes: term life policies, endowment policies, joint life policies, whole life policies, loan cover term assurance policies, unit-linked insurance plans, group policies, pension plans, and annuities. Those like the General insurance plans are also available to cover motor insurance, home insurance, travel insurance and health insurance. | Types of Insurance 1. Life Insurance is all about guaranteeing a specific sum of money to a designated beneficiary upon he death of the insured, or to the insured if he or she lives beyond a certain age. 2. Health Insurance it is Insurance against expenses incurred through illness of the insured or the person who takes up the insurance. 3. Liability Insurance usually insures property such as automobiles, property and professional/business mishaps and others. Market capitalization Indian Insurance Industry is a colossal one which is growing at the rate of 15-20%. Today the Insurance Industry together with bankin g services add about 7% to the countrys GDP. A well-developed and evolved insurance industry is a boon for economic development which provides long- term funds for infrastructure development at the same time strengthening the risk taking ability of the country. | | Size of the industry | According to the Life Insurance Council, the Indian life insurance industry is considered the fifth largest life insurance market with US$ 41-billion amp; growing at a rapid pace of 32-34% annually. In March 2010 the Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC) registered an 83% increase in new business income, while private players posted a 47% growth in new business premium. According to IRDA, the insurers in the year 2009-2010 sold 10. 55 million new policies with LIC selling 8. 52 million and private companies 2. 03 million policies. In the year March 2010, LIC held 65% market share in terms of new business income collection with the private sector contributing the remaining 35% share in 2009-10. | Total contribution to the economy/ salesIndian Insurance Industry is one of the booming Industries of the economy and is growing at the rate of 15-20 % per annum. Along with banking services, it contributes to about 7% to the countrys GDP. Insurance is being a federal subject in India and which is governed by Insurance Act, 1938, the Life Insurance Corporation Act, 1956 and General Insurance Business (Nationalization) Act, 1972, Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority (IRDA) Act, 1999 and other related Acts. Top leading CompaniesToday in India more multinational companies have come forward in the insurance field. ICICI Prudential, Om Kotak Mahindra, Birla Sun-Life, Tata AIF Life, Reliance, HDFC Standard Life-Insurance Co. , Max New York Life, SBI Life Insurance, ING Vysa Life etc. are the top companies in the private sector. For the non-life Insurance section the major private players are ICICI Lombard, Royal Sandaram, Cholamandalam, IFFCO Tokyo, Tata AIG etc. All the Insurance companies come under the Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority (IRDA) which is established to regulate, promote and ensure orderly growth of Life and General insurance industry in India. Employment OpportunitiesTo pursue a career in Indian Insurance Industry, the candidate should pass the entrance examination conducted by the Actuarial Society of India, Mumbai. The students who pass 10 + 2 or equivalent exam are eligible. There is requirement of License to work in this field which can be achieved through a training programme. The Indian Insurance Institute conducts Licentiate, Associateship and Fellowship plus other training programmes for insurance services. The Licentiate examination can be given in Hindi and English on life and non life branches. Subjects usually covered are Principles of Insurance, Practice of Life Assurance and Insurance Business Environment for the life branch and for the non life branch you need to take up Practice of General Insurance instead of Practice of Life Assurance.

Economic And Essential Attitudes To The Trinity Religion Essays

Economic And Essential Attitudes To The Trinity Religion Essays Economic And Essential Attitudes To The Trinity Religion Essay Economic And Essential Attitudes To The Trinity Religion Essay This paper discusses points made by different theologists and besides discusses the three within the Godhead. The Father, Son, and Holy Ghost are all indwelling of each other. All three are learned from a spiritual point of view to be one and one merely. Besides discuss are the economic and indispensable Trinity of the Godhead. The Three Persons of the Three The Three in Christianity is a spiritual credo technologically advanced to edify the connexion of the Father, Son, and Holy Ghost defined in the Bible. The existent question of beliefs is: There is assurance and knowing that the Father, the Son, and the Holy Ghost is God, so how can at that place be merely one God if there are three in one. The guideline, wining the interlingual rendition and the undermentioned mandate of his creative activity in the Church, sustains that the Father, Son, and Holy Ghost remain non the same with one another nor isolated after one another but simply three different persons of one organic structure. It might be comparatively demanding to understand it by motor, but it has later been soon viewed as a important guideline and test of the spiritual religion ( Trinity, 2005 ) God is three individuals however He is simply one reverent being. It is debated that since God is revealed in Jesus Christ is Father, Son, and Holy Ghost, now the explication of Christian philosophy must be with the three individuals of the Divine Trinity and merely so can the godly integrity is explored. Pannenberg, wanted to corroborate how the tri-unity of God have to edify all logical philosophy ( Grenz, 2004 ) . Harmonizing to Grenz ( 2004 ) the primary motive in the manner of whatever developed in the churchaa‚Â ¬a„?s instruction that centered about God as three, produced by the spiritual perplexed modeled by agencies of the primary churchaa‚Â ¬a„?s recognition of the Lordship of Jesus and the apprehension of the abide within the Holy Ghost, in cooperation of which growings arose inside the model of the unchanging promise to the one God of the Old Testament that the primary adherents inherited from Israel. This journey carried about three characteristics together ascended to a certain grade finally, antecedently on the heels of two critical spiritual picks fabricated in the ordeal of the Arian statement. Economic and indispensable attitudes to the Three Harmonizing to McGrath ( 2007 ) Irenaeus claimed that the diverse yet connected functions of Father, Son, and Holy Ghost inside the frugalness of salvation. He admitted his religion in God the Father non yet in being who is uncontrolled, unobserved, one God, shaper of the universe ; we received this as the first order of religion. The Word of God, the Son, and Jesus Christ who, in the completeness of interval, in demand towards garnering wholly everything toward Himself, Jesus appeared as a human being amongst the universe, able to be seemed and felted, to make away with decease, bring ageless life, and reestablish family by manner of the brethren and God. The Holy Ghost who, is in the completeness of clip, remained moved out in a different mode of societal environment in demand to regenerate humanity throughout the full universe in the sight of God. This way conveys out doubtless the indicant of an economic Three aa‚Â ¬ viz. , a consideration of the natural milieus of the Godhead in which every individual is accountable for a portion of the frugalness of salvation. Far off from being a ineffectual part of theological premise, the guideline of the Trinity is grounded openly in the composite human apprehension of redemption in Christ, and is discerning by agencies of the account of the cognition ( McGrath, 2007 P 246 ) . McGrath ( 2007 ) province The Father, Son, and Holy Ghost are non three different and dividing components of the Godhead, like three major components of a planetary organisation. Reasonably, they are distinctions within the Godhead, which turn out to be unmistakable inside the household of salvation and the societal apprehension of redemption and grace. The guideline of the Trinity supports that, underneath the outward of the complications of the history of salvation and our cognition of God, lays merely one God. Harmonizing to Karl Rahner made some of the most refined statements of the Trinity. His treatment of the philosophy of the Trinity is one of the most interesting facets of his idea. Rahner One of the indispensable constructions of Rahneraa‚Â ¬a„?s statement had to make with the relationship of the economic and indispensable Trinities. However, these do non establish two different Lords: comparatively, they are two different demeanours of potentially the indistinguishable Godhead. The indispensable Three can be observed as an attempt to joint the Godhead outside the encouraging fortunes of clip and infinite ; the economic Three is the usage in which the Three is wholly known inside the economic system of salvation, which is a give or take in the modern patterned advance itself. Rahner lays down the subsequent theoretical elementary of the economic Three is the indispensable Trinity, and frailty versa. ( McGrath, 2007, p 253 ) . Decision The Three of the Godhead is one indwelling. God sent His Son Jesus to come and salvage us from wickedness. Jesus took on the monetary value of paying all of our debts and after making so when He was finished He sent us a Holy Comforter in the Holy Spirit. So hence God is Father, Son and Spirit. Many do non understand the 3 and therefore they can non be explained to many. When we become a portion of the Trinity there is no other feeling that feels every bit good as being in the household of three but one.

Ken Kesey, Novelist and Hero of 1960s Counterculture

Ken Kesey, Novelist and Hero of 1960s Counterculture Ken Kesey was an American writer who attained fame with his first novel, One Flew Over the Cuckoos Nest. He helped define the 1960s as both an innovative author and a flamboyant catalyst of the hippie movement. Fast Facts: Ken Kesey Born: September 17, 1935, in La Junta, ColoradoDied: November 10, 2001 in Eugene, OregonParents: Frederick A. Kesey and Geneva SmithSpouse: Norma Faye HaxbyChildren: Zane, Jed, Sunshine, and ShannonEducation: University of Oregon and Stanford UniversityMost Important Published Works: One Flew Over the Cuckoos Nest (1962), Sometimes a Great Notion (1964). Known For: In addition to being an influential author, he was the leader of the Merry Pranksters and helped launch the 1960s counterculture and hippie movement. Early Life Ken Kesey was born September 17, 1935, in La Junta, Colorado. His parents were farmers, and after his father served in World War II, the family moved to Springfield, Oregon. Growing up, Kesey spent much of his time in the outdoors, fishing, hunting, and camping with his father and brothers. He also became involved in sports, especially high school football and wrestling, exhibiting a fierce drive to succeed. He picked up a love of storytelling from his maternal grandmother and a love of reading from his father. As a child he read typical fare for American boys at the time, including western tales by Zane Grey and the Tarzan books of Edgar Rice Burroughs. He also became an ardent fan of comic books. Attending the University of Oregon, Kesey studied journalism and communications. He excelled as a collegiate wrestler as well as at writing. After graduating from college in 1957, he won a scholarship to a prestigious writing program at Stanford University. Kesey married his high school girlfriend, Fay Haxby, in 1956. The couple moved to California for Kesey to attend Stanford and fell into a lively crowd of artists and writers. Classmates of Kesey included writers Robert Stone and Larry McMurtry. Kesey, with his outgoing and competitive personality, was often the center of attention and the Kesey house in a neighborhood called Perry Lane became a popular gathering place for literary discussions and parties. The atmosphere at Stanford was inspiring. Teachers in the writing program included authors Frank OConnor, Wallace Stegner, and Malcolm Cowley. Kesey learned to experiment with his prose. He wrote a novel, Zoo, which was based on the bohemian residents of San Francisco. The novel was never published, but it was an important learning process for Kesey. To make extra money while in graduate school, Kesey became a paid subject in experiments studying the effects of drugs on the human mind. As part of the US Army studies, he was given psychedelic drugs, including lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), and instructed to report on its effects. After ingesting the drugs and experiencing profound effects, Keseys writing was transformed, as was his personality. He became fascinated with the potential of psychoactive chemicals, and began experimenting with other substances. Success and Rebellion While working a part-time job as an attendant in a mental ward, Kesey was inspired to write what became his breakthrough novel, One Flew Over the Cuckoos Nest, published in 1962. One night, while taking peyote and observing patients in the mental ward, Kesey conceived the story of the inmates in a prison mental hospital. The narrator of his novel, the Native American Chief Broom, sees the world through a mental haze influenced by Keseys drug experiences. The protagonist, McMurphy, has feigned mental illness to avoid laboring on a prison work farm. Once inside the asylum, he finds himself subverting the rules imposed by the institutions rigid authority figure, Nurse Ratched. McMurphy became a classic American rebel character. A teacher from Stanford, Malcolm Cowley, had given him editorial advice, and with Cowleys guidance Kesey turned undisciplined prose, some of it written while under the influence of psychedelics, into a powerful novel. One Flew Over the Cuckoos Nest was published to positive reviews and Keseys career seemed assured. He wrote a another novel, Sometimes a Great Notion, the story of an Oregon logging family. It wasnt as successful, but by the time it was published Kesey had essentially moved beyond mere writing. The theme of rebellion vs. conformity became a central theme in both his writing and his life. The Merry Pranksters By 1964 he had gathered a collection of eccentric friends, dubbed the Merry Pranksters, who experimented with psychedelic drugs and multi-media art projects. That year, Kesey and the Pranksters traveled across America, from the West Coast to New York City, on a garishly painted converted school bus they named Further. (The name was originally misspelled as Furthur, and appears that way in some accounts.) Dressed in colorful patterned clothes, a few years before hippie fashion became widely known, they naturally attracted stares. That was the point. Kesey and his friends, which included Neal Cassady, the prototype for Dean Moriarity in Jack Kerouacs novel On the Road, delighted in shocking people. Merry Pranksters on Further, their fabled bus, in San Franciso, 1965. Getty Images Kesey had brought along a supply of LSD, which was still legal. When the bus was pulled over by the police on several occasions, the Pranksters explained they were filmmakers. The drug culture that would scandalize America was still a few years in the future, and the cops seemed to shrug off the Pranksters as something akin to eccentric circus performers. An official from the Smithsonian was quoted as saying it was not a typical bus, adding Its historical context is important for what it meant to the literary world of a certain generation. The original bus, the article noted, was at that time rusting away in an Oregon field. It never was acquired by the Smithsonian, though Kesey at times pranked reporters into believing he was preparing to drive it cross-country and present it to the museum. The Acid Tests Back on the West Coast in 1965, Kesey and the Pranksters organized a series of parties they called The Acid Tests. The events featured the ingestion of LSD, bizarre films and slide shows, and free-form rock music by a local band, which soon began calling itself the Grateful Dead. The events became notorious, as did a party at Keseys ranch in La Honda, California, which was attended by other counterculture heroes, including poet Allen Ginsberg and journalist Hunter S. Thompson. Kesey became the heroic main character of journalist Tom Wolfes deeply reported chronicle of the San Francisco hippie scene, The Electric Kool-Aid Acid Test. The Wolfe book solidified Keseys reputation as a leader of the burgeoning counterculture. And the basic pattern of the acid tests, exuberant parties with rampant drug use, rock music, and light shows, set a pattern which became standard in rock concerts for years. Kesey was arrested for possession of marijuana and briefly fled to Mexico to avoid going to jail. When he returned, he was sentenced to six months on a prison farm. Once released he backed off from active involvement in hippie adventures, settled with his wife and children in Oregon, and joined his relatives in the dairy business. Author Ken Kesey at a 1991 public reading. Getty Images   When the film of One Flew Over the Cuckoos Nest became a hit in 1975, Kesey objected to how it had been adapted. However, the film was wildly successful, sweeping the 1976 Oscars with five awards, including Best Picture. Despite Keseys refusal to even watch the film, it propelled him from his quiet life on an Oregon farm back into the public eye. Over time he began writing and publishing again. His later novels were not as successful as his first one, but he regularly attracted a devoted following at public appearances. As something of a hippie elder statesman, Kesey continued to write and give speeches until his death. Ken Kesey died in Eugene, Oregon, on November 10, 2001. His obituary in The New York Times called him the Pied Piper of the hippie era and a magnetic leader who had been a bridge between the Beat writers of the 1950s and the cultural movement that began in San Francisco in the mid-1960s and spread across the world. Sources: Lehmann-Haupt, Christopher. Ken Kesey, Author of Cuckoos Nest, Who Defined the Psychedelic Era, Dies at 66. New York Times, 11 November 2001, p. 46.Kesey, Ken. Gale Contextual Encyclopedia of American Literature, vol. 2, Gale, 2009, pp. 878-881. Gale Virtual Reference Library.Kesey, Ken. The Sixties in America Reference Library, edited by Sara Pendergast and Tom Pendergast, vol. 2: Biographies, UXL, 2005, pp. 118-126. Gale Virtual Reference Library.

Case Brief Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Case Brief - Essay Example The TSA’s grooming policy required that he shaves off his deadlocks, as a means of conforming to this policy. This was against the appellant’s religion which made him resist. As a consequent, he was dismissed for apparent violation of the department’s grooming policy. This action prompted him to sue the department for employment discrimination based on religion and brought the case under the RFRA. The main point of concern was whether the RFRA applied. The district court then placing the claim under the Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, stated that it was a violation of this Act, which prohibits employment discrimination based various aspects (Holloway). As a requirement, however, the employee was supposed to have at first exhausted all the administrative avenues as appertains to Title VII before seeking remedy in a new court and hence lacked the subject matter jurisdiction. The court’s decision to affirm the position of the district court was based on the civil rights act in actions against federal law, which specifies that the plaintiff’s timely exhaustion of the administrative avenues in Title VII. They have no influence on the district court from exercising its mandate. Furthermore, in title VII cases, courts have been granted permission in certain limited situations to proportionally toll filing needs, even under extreme cases like inability to file. Which as a necessity, makes it impossible to characterize such needs as â€Å"jurisdictional.† Moreover, the RFRA applies to all aspects of law whether statutory or otherwise taken up before and after the passage of RFRA. However, there are areas that are not affected by the RFRA among, which includes Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, which specifies that nothing alters Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 on religious-based employment descrimination (McCulloch and Ca stagnera). The court assents

Threshold Concepts for Nanotechnology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Threshold Concepts for Nanotechnology - Essay Example The amount that U.S has expended on the research and development of the nanotechnology is about $3.7 billion; while European Union has spent about 1.2 billion. Nanotechnology is considered to be the one of its own kind as the technology utilizes the conventional materials as emphasize on the production of new materials and enhance the productivity and efficiency of the nanotechnology (Highfield, 2012). Nearly every field like the medicine, energy, electronics, etc are considered to be greatly influenced by the nanotechnology in future. The more interactive designs are seen in the water purification and energy sector. On the other hand, the future advancement and implementation of the nanotechnology is much debated and scientists believe that the technology may solve the typical problems. On the other hand, the issues regarding the nanotechnology are the same as that of the other emerging technologies. The issues may have a deep relation with the environment and the pollutions, impact s on the economics and the impact on the society and culture (Crnano.org, 2008). Nanotechnology is considered as the future technology and is considered as the manufacturing and handling of the systems and devices at the nanostructure or molecular level. ... ter of about 2 nm and the spicing between the typical carbon- carbon bonds is about 0.12nm -0.15 nm, while the smallest microorganism has a length of about 200 nm, which is Mycoplasma. The nanotechnology is modeled to be in the length ranging from 1- 100 nm. The smallest particle in nature is considered to be hydrogen atom that has an atomic width of about ? nm. Nanotechnology and Micro technology and Nanotechnology approaches There is distinct difference between the nanotechnology and micro technology. The micro scale is larger than that of the nano scale. The nanotechnologies are considered to have the ranges more than the given nanotechnology range. The nanotechnology adopts two main approaches; the â€Å"bottom-up† approach and the â€Å"top-down† approach. During the bottom up approach the devices and products are considered to manufacture themselves at the molecular level. Chemical reactions or physical combination are adopted at the bottom up approach. The proces s of combination of the products during the bottom up approach is known as the molecular recognition (Nano.gov, 2008). On the other hand, in the top down approach the atomic control is not required and the larger entities are utilized to manufacture the nano products. The major researches in the areas of nanoelectronics, nanophotonics, etc have made it easy to adopt both the approached according to the requirement. Nanotechnology and Electronics Industry and related benefits Some processes are recognized due to the smaller size of the system. The processes include the quantum mechanical effects. The electronic properties of the materials are assumed to be impacted by changing the particle size of the material. The quantum effect is considered to affect the system when the size of the particle reduces to

Reaping the Whirlwind Essay Example for Free

Reaping the Whirlwind Essay Fighting human rights is a long and complicated process and â€Å"Reaping the Whirlwind† by Robert J. Norwell is a classical work, in which the author traces the development of human rights movement in one of the cities of American South Tuskegee, Alabama, specially concentrating on the rights of black-skinned community. The book gathers unique aspects of this region, as well as attempts to link them to national and global human rights development. Norwell is perhaps the best person to write such a book as he is a native of Alabama and holds a PhD degree on history. Norwell takes the reader from 1880-s to 1960-s, telling the story of Tuskegee Institute and it’s principal Booker T. Washington (1856-1915). Tuskegee appeared to be an outstanding example of human rights development. The local Afro-American community appeared to be educated and professional enough to promote their interests, including the ones in education, to overcome the position of conservative white officials. Norwell pays attention to both successes and disappointments of human rights movement in Tuskegee. The key idea of the book, is that in Tuskegee the black population managed to realize their own idea of harmony with the white Americans. In the later chapters Norwell concentrates on further development of the situation and describes how reality stepped away from accommodationalist views of Washington. Those ideas, which have been created in a small closed society were adapted by the rest and became essential for the whole nation. Human rights were won not only by legal and judicial means but also by persuasion, harsh disputes and even fighting opened violence. The book demonstrates how declared rights of African Americans gradually became factual and true. The first edition of the book ended in 1960, however in later editions Norwell updated the last chapter and briefly told of the latest development of human rights on the South from 1960-s until now. Norwell supposes, that Washington’s care of Afro-American activists created a base for human rights to flourish after World War II, because he managed to prepare enough leaders for the movement. Finally he concludes, that Washington should be more likely called a father of human rights movement than DuBois. In total the book is well written and quite easy to read. It is written for both those, who are interested in the subject and those, who require professional knowledge in the field of human rights development of the South. The book gives a picture of real struggles around human rights, which are often different from romantism of martin Luther.

What motivate suicide bombers? Essay -- The Terrorism Ahead, Revenge

The idea of killing oneself for a cause is unimaginable for most people; however, for some individuals, it is a heroic act. Young men, women, and even children have taken their own lives enacting this fatalistic practice. Suicide bombers truly define the meaning of the word terror. This phenomenon is far from new to the world, in World War 2; Japanese pilots called kamikazes voluntarily committed suicide by slamming their planes into American war ships in a last-minute effort to avoid losing the war. Similarly, suicide attackers strap their bodies with explosives and explode their selves in crowds, hotels, marketplaces, and embassies throughout the world. Alarmingly, there are many people willing and committed to carrying out such missions. The driving force behind suicide attackers is not solely based on religion; in fact, it has just as much to do with revenge, humiliation, and indoctrination. In some cases, suicide bombers decide to take such actions as an act of vengeance. Paul J. Smith, Author of â€Å"The Terrorism Ahead† notes that revenge is the driving force behind certain suicide attacks as a direct response to an event, such as a death of a family member (142). In the Middle East, this scene plays out daily. On May 19, 2003, Hiba Daragmeh detonates herself at Amaquim shopping mall in Alfula, Israel to retaliate against her brother’s imprisonment in Israel (Smith 142).The ageless land conflict between Israel and the Palestinians have led to many casualties on both sides. A suicide bomber detonates a bomb in Israeli territory and kills Israeli civilians. Israel retaliates, and attacks suspected terrorist cites, during these skirmishes Innocent Palestinians and Israelis are killed which drives the thirst for revenge mutual... ...ned. The handler’s job is to prepare the bomber for a trial run of the attack, and to foresee any potential disruption that can hinder the plan (68). Once the suicide bomber completes the mission, the family of the suicide bomber receives compensation and becomes a celebrity in the community. The reasoning behind suicide bombings is various and wide-ranging. Many factors come in to play such as retribution, degradation, and propaganda. Terror groups justify this action as the only way to respond due to the fact they may not have sophisticated weaponry or military. The fact remains there are constantly gaining new candidates to replace every suicidal mission, which compels terrorist groups to believe it is the right action to take. Furthermore, fear, terror and death caused by suicide bomb explosions can devastate people psychologically and alter sociatal life.

The Best Pieces of Legeslation,The Servicemen’s Act of 1944

The Servicemen's Readjustment Act of 1944 is considered one of the best pieces of legislation to emerge from the Second World War (White). This Act, known as the GI Bill, was signed into law on June 22, 1944, and has through the decades had a profound effect on American society (White). For example, more than 21 million veterans have received educational benefits and some 14 million have been able to purchase homes through the home-loan program (White). Sixty years later, the GI Bill is still a major source of veteran benefits and an attractive inducement for enlistments (White). The World War II veterans were a generation that had grown up during the Depression Era, many living in tenement apartments and cold-water flats, or on rural farming communities and small towns (Mettler). Most of this generation expected to enter the same type of work as their fathers, however the GI Bill allowed them a remarkable opportunity to gain an education and the means to own their own home (Mettler). Some became teachers, electricians, engineers, college professors, physicians, scientists, and dentists (Mettler). This Bill literally changed the future of an entire generation (Mettler). Moreover, the GI Bill fueled the development of the middle class and revitalized American democracy, as many veterans joined fraternal groups and community organizations and became involved in postwar era politics (Mettler). The GI Bill was the most far-reaching item of veterans' legislation that has been passed in the history of the United States, allowing low interest rates, and low or no down payment for homes and farms, in addition to low-interest loads for high education (Baby). The United States had endured the era of the Great Depression and the Dust Bow, thus the World War II veterans were a generation that had been hardened by poverty, and many deprived of home and job security (Baby). The GI Bill allowed them to achieve the American Dream (Baby). Many of these veterans returned home from the Warm married and started families, began and finished their education, bought their first homes and secured employment (Baby). The GI Bill created a mass move to the suburbs, where veterans found suitable housing in the new tracts that sprawled on the outskirts of major cities (Baby). This postwar suburban housing boom began in a â€Å"planned community† called Levittown (Baby). â€Å"Levittowns are located in rural New York and Pennsylvania,† and are named after developer William J. Levitt, who constructed the communities with â€Å"prefabricated units and mass production techniques, beginning in 1947† (Baby). Soon large-scale, planned communities and housing tracts were being built throughout the United States, filled with young couples giving birth to a new generation, the Baby Boomers (Baby). Eventually, these suburban tracts were surrounded by new schools, strip malls and businesses, and became new communities and new townships (Baby). Farm and ranch land became seas of similar-looking homes, a trend that continues today (Baby).

Capitalism: Does It Cause or Alleviate Poverty?

Capitalism: Does it cause or alleviate poverty? By: Zahoor Khan [email  protected] com To tackle the issue of poverty has been remained a massive challenge in the known history of human civilization for all global economic isms of the world. Each economic ism has its own strategies to address this issue. Capitalism tries to resolve the issue of poverty on the basis of demand supply forces.Capitalism is generally considered to be a philosophy of economic systems that favors private ownership of the means of production, creation of goods or services for profit or income by individuals or corporations, competitive 1 markets, voluntary exchange, wage labor, capital accumulation, and finance . There may be two possible solutions of the issue of poverty in Capitalism. Firstly, each individual economic agent has monetary incentives to work and perform various economic activities. Thus monetary incentives stimulate the economic agents towards the performance of various economic activities. This may be considered as an indirect solution of poverty in context of Capitalism. Secondly, individuals possess ownership rights. They can possess various productive resources and have the right to use these resources for production and consumption purposes. Each economic agent (Consumer Producer, Government) is assumed to be rational and will therefore try to optimally utilize their resources in their best interests. Thus, this behavior works as an automatic stabilizer in the 1 http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Capitalism economy to resolve the economic issues including the issue of poverty of all masses.The in-depth analysis of the system reveals that both possible solutions of the issue of poverty suggested by the system are factitious. The first solution is viable if fortunately all people become part of the labor force in an economy. This solution does not take into consideration children, housewives, old men and women, insane, and permanently disable people that from where they can access to the basic facilities (food, shelter, hospital†¦). The second solution is based on the assumption that all the people of the economy possess some productive resources, which is unrealistic.This assumption may be questioned in many ways: From where the people will get the economic resources? What will be the way of acquisition of resources? All the people cannot participate in the labor force, then how these people will acquire economic resources etc. One other possible way may be the intervention of government, to take some steps towards the solutions of the issue. This method is feasible as compared to the earlier methods. Unfortunately, this method is not very effective to address the issue because of many hurdles.Poverty is a multidimensional phenomenon which cannot be effectively addressed only with the help of the government. This issue requires multidimensional measures at the micro, Meso and macro levels. The issue of poverty is considered as a social issue in Capitalism. The society, in capitalism is divided on the basis of ‘have’ and’ have not’. The upper class, ‘the capitalists’ controls the entire economy on the basis of their capital while the ‘worker class’ cannot own capital irrespective of their efforts in the process of production. Thus capitalists accumulate more and more wealth on the basis of their capital.This phenomenon naturally intensifies the earning gap between the two classes. The ultimate outcome of this process will be in the form of macroeconomic evils i-e income inequality, poverty, accumulation of wealth. The issue of poverty gives sub-birth to many social and economic issues. Some important of them may be in the form of income disparity, class conflict, and deprivation. The philosophical foundation of Capitalism can make it more clear that whether the system has the required potential to resolve the issue of poverty effectively or otherwise. Capitalism is ba sed on three philosophical pillars. i.Materialism ii. Individualism iii. Hedonism. Capitalism as a living ideology believes in a materialistic world view. According to this philosophy all human needs and desires are subject to material satisfaction i-e whatever is needed/desired will be satisfied in this material world because there is no concept of the world hereafter. So unlike an Islamic consumer, a capitalist consumer will be always conscious about his material utility and will therefore try to spend all his money on material commodities. The second important element of Capitalism’s philosophical foundation is â€Å"individualism†. Individualism refers to ndependent behavior of economic agents to accomplish their economic goals. According to this concept all people’s interests are independent from each other’s. Each individual has to work for his own personal goals. Thus, the resulting outcome of this behavior will be in the form greed, unconsciousnes s about other’s rights, immorality in business practices, weakness of social bond etc. The last foundation of Capitalism, as a living ideology is ‘Hedonism’. Hedonism refers to a philosophy where one’s become pleasure seeker and ‘self-centered’ while to accomplish various goals. Hedonism is the logical consequence of ‘Individualism’.Looking into the philosophical foundations and ideological structure of capitalism it seems that the capitalism is a byproduct of human reason which promotes individualisms, self satisfaction as a supreme priority, greed, unconsciousness about other’s rights and unconsciousness about the overall welfare of the society. In the light of these logical consequences resulting from the Capitalism, The system will ultimately worse off the poor and marginalized people, followed by the increasing gap between the poor and rich and thus the extreme level of living standards and provision of many social and sub-economic issues†¦

Descriptive Writing Definition and Examples

Descriptive Writing Definition and Examples In composition, description is a  rhetorical strategy using sensory details to portray a person, place, or thing. Description is used in many different types of nonfiction, including essays,  biographies, memoirs, nature writing, profiles, sports writing, and travel writing. Description  is one of the  progymnasmata  (a sequence of classical rhetorical exercises) and one of the traditional  modes of discourse.   Examples and Observations A description is an arrangement of properties, qualities, and features that the author must pick (choose, select), but the art lies in the order of their release- visually, audibly, conceptually- and consequently in the order of their interaction, including the social standing of every word.(William H. Gass, The Sentence Seeks Its Form. A Temple of Texts. Alfred A. Knopf, 2006) Show; Dont Tell This is the oldest  clichà © of the writing profession, and I wish I didnt have to repeat it. Do not tell me that the Thanksgiving dinner was cold. Show me the grease turning white as it congeals around the peas on your plate. . . . Think of yourself as a movie director. You have to create the scene that the viewer will relate to physically and emotionally. (David R. Williams, Sin Boldly!: Dr. Daves Guide To Writing The College Paper. Basic Books, 2009) Selecting Details The descriptive writers main task is the selection and verbal representation of information. You must choose the details that matter- that are important to the purposes you share with your readers- as well as a pattern of arrangement relevant to those mutual purposes. . . .Description can be an engineer describing the terrain where an embankment must be built, a novelist describing a farm where the novel will take place, a realtor describing a house and land for sale, a journalist describing a celebritys birthplace, or a tourist describing a rural scene to friends back home. That engineer, novelist, realtor, journalist, and tourist may all be describing the very same place. If each is truthful, their descriptions will not contradict each other. But they will certainly include and emphasize different aspects.(Richard M. Coe, Form and Substance. Wiley, 1981) Chekhovs Advice to a Young Writer In my opinion, descriptions of nature should be extremely brief and offered by the way, as it were. Give up commonplaces, such as: the setting sun, bathing in the waves of the darkening sea, flooded with purple gold, and so on. Or swallows flying over the surface of the water chirped gaily. In descriptions of nature one should seize upon minutiae, grouping them so that when, having read the passage, you close your eyes, a picture is formed. For example, you will evoke a moonlit night by writing that on the mill dam the glass fragments of a broken bottle flashed like a bright little star and that the black shadow of a dog or wolf rolled along like a ball.(Anton Chekhov, quoted by Raymond Obstfeld in Novelists Essential Guide to Crafting Scenes. Writers Digest Books, 2000) Two Types of Description: Objective and Impressionistic Objective description attempts to report accurately the appearance of the object as a thing in itself, independent of the observers perception of it or feelings about it. It is a factual account, the purpose of which is to inform a reader who has not been able to see with his own eyes. The writer regards himself as a kind of camera, recording and reproducing, though in words, a true picture. . . .Impressionistic description is very different. Focusing upon the mood or feeling the object evokes in the observer rather than upon the object as it exists in itself, impressionism does not seek to inform but to arouse emotion. It attempts to make us feel more than to make us see. . . . [T]he writer may blur or intensify the details he selects, and, by the clever use of figures of speech, he may compare them to things calculated to evoke the appropriate emotion. To impress us with the dreary ugliness of a house, he may exaggerate the drabness of its paint or metaphorically describe the flaki ng as leprous.(Thomas S. Kane and Leonard J. Peters, Writing Prose: Techniques and Purposes, 6th ed. Oxford University Press, 1986) Lincolns Objective Self-Description If any personal description of me is thought desirable, it may be said, I am, in height, six feet, four inches, nearly; lean in flesh, weighing, on an average, one hundred and eighty pounds; dark complexion, with coarse black hair, and gray eyesno other marks or brands recollected.(Abraham Lincoln, Letter to Jesse W. Fell, 1859) Rebecca Harding Daviss Impressionistic Description of a Smoky Town The idiosyncrasy of this town is smoke. It rolls sullenly in slow folds from the great chimneys of the iron-foundries and settles down in black, slimy pools on the muddy streets. Smoke on the wharves, smoke on the dingy boats, on the yellow river- clinging in a coating of greasy soot to the house-front, the two faded poplars, the faces of the passers-by. The long train of mules, dragging masses of pig-iron through the narrow street, have a foul vapor hanging to their reeking sides. Here, inside, is a little-broken figure of an angel pointing upward from the mantel-shelf; but even its wings are covered with smoke, clotted and black. Smoke everywhere! A dirty canary chirps desolately in a cage beside me. Its dream of green fields and sunshine is a very old dream- almost worn out, I think.(Rebecca Harding Davis, Life in the Iron Mills. The Atlantic Monthly, April 1861) Lillian Rosss Description of Ernest Hemingway ​​Hemingway had on a red plaid wool shirt, a figured wool necktie, a tan wool sweater-vest, a brown tweed jacket tight across the back and with sleeves too short for his arms, gray flannel slacks, Argyle socks, and loafers, and he looked bearish, cordial, and constricted. His hair, which was very long in back, was gray, except at the temples, where it was white; his mustache was white, and he had a ragged half-inch, full white beard. There was a bump about the size of a walnut over his left eye. He had on steel-rimmed spectacles, with a piece of paper under the nose-piece. He was in no hurry to get to Manhattan.(Lillian Ross, How Do You Like It Now, Gentlemen? The New Yorker, May 13, 1950) Description of a Handbag ​Three years ago at a flea market, I bought a small, white-beaded handbag, which I have never since carried in public but which I would never dream of giving away. The purse is small, about the size of a paperback bestseller, and thus it is totally unsuited for lugging around such paraphernalia as a wallet, comb, compact, checkbook, keys, and all the other necessities of modern life. Hundreds of tiny pearl-colored beads dot the outside of the handbag, and on the front, woven into the design, is a starburst pattern formed by larger, flat beads. Creamy white satin lines the inside of the bag and forms a small pocket on one side. Inside the ​pocket someone, perhaps the original owner, has scrawled the initials J.W. in red lipstick. At the bottom of the purse is a silver coin, which reminds me of my teenage years when my mother warned me never to go out on a date without a dime in case I had to telephone home for help. In fact, I think thats why I like my white beaded handb ag: it reminds me of the good old days when men were men and ladies were ladies.(Lorie Roth, My Handbag) Bill Brysons Description of the Residents Lounge in the Old England Hotel The room was casually strewn with aging colonels and their wives, sitting amid carelessly folded Daily Telegraphs. The colonels were all shortish, round men with tweedy jackets, well-slicked silvery hair, an outwardly gruff manner that concealed within a heart of flint, and, when they walked, a rakish limp. Their wives, lavishly rouged and powdered, looked as if they had just come from a coffin fitting.(Bill Bryson, Notes From a Small Island. William Morrow, 1995) Stronger Than Death Great description shakes us. It fills our lungs with the life of its author. Suddenly he sings within us. Someone else has seen life as we see it! And the voice that fills us, should the writer be dead, bridges the gulf between life and death. Great description is stronger than death.(Donald Newlove, Painted Paragraphs. Henry Holt, 1993)

Definition and Examples of Anti-Rhetoric

Definition and Examples of Anti-Rhetoric In argumentative speech and  writing, anti-rhetoric is  the act of disparaging an opponents use of language by characterizing it as rhetoric or oratory, with the implication that eloquent language is inherently meaningless (mere words) or deceitful. Also called straight talk. As Sam Leith has observed, Being anti-rhetoric is, finally, just another rhetorical strategy. Rhetoric is what the other guy is doing- whereas you, youre just speaking the plain truth as you see it (Words Like Loaded Pistols: Rhetoric From Aristotle to Obama; Basic Books, 2012). Examples and Observations My opponent gives speeches. I offer solutions. (Hillary Rodham Clinton in a speech to General Motors employees in Warren, Ohio, Feb. 14, 2008) We think this journal may at least be justly commended for its comparative freedom from high-flown rhetoric. We recently rejected a somewhat elaborate paper on an important topic chiefly on account of its stilted and turgid style, and our pen often makes sad work with the fine passages which adorn (?) the contributions sent us by young writers. (E.E. White, editorial in The National Teacher, Volume 1, 1871) Taffeta phrases, silken terms precise,Three-piled hyperboles, spruce affectation,Figures pedantical; these summer-fliesHave blown me full of maggot ostentation:I do forswear them; and I here protest,By this white glove- how white the hand, God knows!- Henceforth my wooing mind shall be expressdIn russet yeas and honest kersey noes.(Lord Berowne in William Shakespeares Loves Labours Lost, Act 5, scene 2) Palin vs. Obama: Cravin That Straight TalkBarack Obama has been denounced again and again as a privileged wordsmith, a man of mere words who has authored two books (to use Sarah Palin’s verb), and done little else. The leathery extremist Phyllis Schlafly had this to say, at the Republican Convention, about Palin: I like her because she’s a woman who’s worked with her hands, which Barack Obama never did, he was just an à ©litist who worked with words. The fresher-faced extremist Rick Santorum, a former Republican senator, called Obama just a person of words, adding, Words are everything to him. . . .†Sarah Palin . . . may claim, as she did in last Thursday’s Vice-Presidential debate, that Americans are cravin’ that straight talk, but they are sure not going to get it from the Governor- not with her peculiar habit of speaking only half a sentence and then moving on to another for spoliation, that strange, ghostly drifting through the haziest ph rases. (James Wood, Verbage. The New Yorker, October 13, 2008) The Anti-Rhetoric of Presidents and Prime Ministers   It is in their trenchant opposition to rhetoric, oratory, and their corresponding celebration of rhetorical simplicity that presidents have been most explicitly anti-intellectual. Here, the link between rhetorical simplicity and anti-intellectualism . . . is manifest. President Eisenhowers definition of an intellectual displays this link: the intellectual . . . [is] a man who takes more words than are necessary to tell more than he knows, he once proposed. A Nixon speechwriter echoes this statement when he observes: the people who are most eloquent are often the least wise. As a Regan speechwriter observes, One of the great myths of the modern age in particular is that great speeches and effective leadership [are] about speaking cleverly. (Elvin T. Lim, The Anti-Intellectual Presidency: The Decline of Presidential Rhetoric from George Washington to George W. Bush. Oxford University Press, 2008)In October 1966, knowing that the Labour Minister (and one-time Fellow of New College, Oxford) Richard Crossman would be winding up a debate on prices and incomes, [Margaret Thatcher] took the opportunity to discredit her opponents eloquence in advance. We are all used to the right hon. Gentlemans ebullient, effervescent style, she said. It is always extremely attractive. It is often something of an Oxford Union style. Responding to some laughter in the Chamber, she went on: I assure hon. Members that I am making no blandishments. The right hon. Gentleman has the kind of style which sounds tremendously impressive and which is most agreeable to listen to, but I find that one never believes a word of what he says because one knows that he is quite capable of making just as attractive an ebullient and effervescent speech tomorrow entirely contradicting all he has said today. . . .Of course, her own plain speaking is as much a rhetorical construction as the grandest of styles, and it is a relatively simple task to show that, knowingly or not, many of her assertions of plain political sincerity are figuratively produced. We say what we mean and mean what we say, is one of many examples of her use of antimetabole, where, ironically, the circular and self-validating structure of the figure is asked to create an impression of straight talking. (Christopher Reid, Margaret Thatcher and the Gendering of Political Oratory. Oratory in Action, ed. by Michael Edwards and Christopher Reid. Manchester University Press, 2004) Anti-Rhetoric As a Strategic Act: Mark Antony,Silvio Berlusconi, and Donald Trump [T]he I just want to tell it like it is maneuver is a familiar one in the annals of rhetoric. It’s what Mark Antony is up to when he says to the Roman crowd in Julius Caesar, I am no orator, as Brutus is; / But, as you know me all, a plain, blunt man,† in the midst of his â€Å"Friends, Romans and countrymen† speech, one of the most cunning displays of technical rhetoric, not only in Shakespeare, but in the English language. Rhetoric  is the language Rome’s elite used to debate; by denying that he knows the first thing about it, Mark Antony is in effect tearing up his gold membership card and reassuring his plebeian audience that, though he may look rich and powerful, he is really one of them. Nearly four centuries after Shakespeare wrote those words, Silvio Berlusconi successfully struck the same pose in modern Italy. If there’s one thing I can’t abide it’s  rhetoric, he told the Italian public. All I’m interested in is what needs to get done.But for all its protests,  anti-rhetoric  is just another form of rhetoric and, whether Mr. [Donald]  Trump is conscious of it or not, it has its own  rhetorical  markers. Short sentences (We have to build a wall, folks!) that pummel the listener in a series of sharp jabs. . . .Anti-rhetoric  also uses I and you  constantly, because its central goal is not to lay out an argument but to assert a relationship, and a story about us and our struggle against them. It says the things society has deemed unsayable, at least in part to demonstrate contempt for the  rhetorical  conventions imposed by the elite- and if that elite then cries out in horror, so much the better.(Mark Thompson, Trump a nd the Dark History of Straight Talk. The New York Times, August 27, 2016) The term rhetoric of anti-rhetoric refers to the fact that many public speakers, in politics and law courts, self-consciously distance themselves from perverse uses of deceitful rhetoric, while presenting themselves as courageous truth-tellers. They use this topos in their self-presentation to align themselves squarely with public interest, and that would obviously give them an edge in a competitive environment. Speakers demonstrate in this way that they are aware of the importance of speeches as a vehicle for deliberation and of the dangers posed by deceptive communication [Jon Hesk, 2000:pp. 4-5]. The topos not only functions as a strategic act of self-authorisation, it is also inherently antagonistic in that one distances oneself from ones adversaries, who are, it is implied, likely to engage in illicit rhetorical maneuvering (ibid. pp. 169, 208). (Ineke Sluiter, Deliberation, Free Speech and the Marketplace of Ideas. Bending Opinion: Essays on Persuasion in the Public Domain, ed. by Ton Van Haaften, Henrike Jansen, Jaap De Jong, and Willem De Koetsenruijter. Leiden University Press, 2011) Anti-Rhetoric in the Human Sciences Where is rhetoric to be found in the development of the human sciences? Boeckhs Enzklopadie includes rhetoric in the chapter on the empirical human sciences and understands it as a theory of stylistic speech form . . .. According to Boeckh, . . . [rhetoric] finally relapsed into insubstantial and affected verbosity. In the modern period, however, the theory of rhetoric made no progress, indeed it had been neglected and almost forgotten because attention is directed more towards intellectual substance than to form. Boeckhs statement indicates the three-fold aspects of anti-rhetoric apparent in the human sciences. First, form is considered as external, as something imposed upon the intellectual content; second, rhetoric is devalued as an unphilosophical artistic skill; and third, as a persuasive art it is subordinated to the dialectical theory of knowledge.(Walter Rà ¼egg, Rhetoric and Anti-Rhetoric in the 19th and 20th Century Human Sciences in Germany. The Recovery of Rhetoric: Persuasive Discourse and Disciplinarity in the Human Sciences, ed. by R.H. Roberts and J.M.M. Good. University  Press of Virginia, 1993) Anti-Anti-Rhetoric The invitation to rhetoric is not, I emphasize, an invitation to replace careful analysis with rhetoric, or to abandon mathematics in favor of name-calling or flowery language. The good rhetorician loves care, precision, explicitness, and economy in argument as much as the next person. . . . The suspicion of rhetoric is as old as philosophy itself: we cannot use mere plausibility because an eloquent speaker could fool us: Socrates: And he who possesses the art [of rhetoric] can make the same thing appear to the same people just, now unjust, at will?Phaedrus: To be sure.( Phaedrus 261d) We need something, it has been said, besides the mere social fact that an argument proved persuasive.To such an objection the answers, then, are two. Science and other epistemologically pure methods can also be used to lie. Our defense must be to discourage lying, not to discourage a certain class of talk. Secondly, talk against talk is self-refuting. The person making it appeals to Anti-Anti-Rhetoric a social, nonepistemological standard of persuasiveness by the very act of trying to persuade someone that mere persuasion is not enough. (Deirdre N. McCloskey, The Rhetoric of Economics, 2nd ed. University  of Wisconsin Press, 1998)

Literature review Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Literature review - Research Paper Example 119). In light with this, Cauffman suggested that effective prevention efforts should be put in place in a bid to meet the mental health needs for at-risk female offenders. Cauffman advocated for community-based treatment programs that would improve individual outcomes. However, although such a program would be effective towards this effect, a more comprehensive approach needs to be deliberated upon. In fact, it is true to argue that a community based program can be a good accompaniment of prerelease programs. Prerelease programs help incarcerated persons realize that it is their mistakes that have lead to their incarceration. Therefore, through these programs, they get advice on how to abstain from crime. When they get out of prison, community based programs enhances good behavior and highlights on various ways through which they can coexist with other members of the community without committing crimes. In their article, Barbara, et al (2010) noted that studies have documented that incarcerated persons have high rates of psychological disorders. In fact, they contended that nearly 70% of female offenders are affected by depression. In this regard, it is apparent that there therefore an obvious necessity to have a variety of treatment programs. However, according to Barbara, et al (2010), available treatment options do not seem to favor female offenders with physical and psychological problems. This can be argued to be correct because, for example, while cognitive behavioral therapy is used with male offenders, it is incomplete on the side of female offenders who have multidimensional issues ranging from emotional to relational factors. Rationale for effective behavioral modification programs for female offenders Studies have documented that women tend to generally show positive responses to most intervention methods that have been specifically designed to decrease some negative feelings such as guilt with the intention of increasing their levels of self esteem . One of such methods is group counseling. This can be used to address issues such as gender-specific addiction, family relations, and self esteem among many others. Group counseling seems to be effective for female offenders because females are intrinsically motivated to connect with others. Many female offenders have a sense of disconnection, marginalization, isolation, something that lead to hopelessness (Gaines & Miller, 2011). In this regard, group counseling in the prison setting would help female offenders to share different experiences that can help in motivating them. Valerie, et al (2009) in their article noted that many cases of delinquency have histories of exposure to violence, abuse, and neglect. Valerie, et al (2009) also acknowledged that over 60% of girls in the juvenile justice system have at one time been victims of several forms of abuse. In addition, they also noted that a study carried out in the California juvenile justice system found that 92% of female offen ders had unfortunately been victim to some form of not only emotional abuse, but also in some cases, they were also victims of physical and/ or sexual abuse. Therefore, with such deliberations, group counseling would offer emotional support in the effort to manage stress. Delinquency behavior acquired as a result of exposure to such issues would be challenged in group sessions whereby each member of the group expresses their